What is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis? Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is one of the 7 types of chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). They are all ‘autoimmune diseases’ where the immune (defence) system attacks normal tissue in the kidney (including the glomeruli). Why and how they occur is unclear. RPGN is not caused by a single disease. It has […]
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What is medullary sponge kidney (MSK)? Medullary sponge kidney (MSK) is a congenital disorder, meaning it is present at birth. MSK occurs when small cysts (sacs) full of fluid form within the inner area (called the medulla) of the kidneys. It is also called Cacchi-Ricci Disease. In 70% of patients small stones form within the
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What is minimal change disease (MCD)? Minimal change disease is one of the 7 types of chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). They are all ‘autoimmune diseases’, where the immune (defence) system attacks normal tissue in the kidney (including the glomerulus). Why and how they occur is unclear. MCD is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in
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What is mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis? Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis (MCGN) is one of the 7 types of chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) but one of the least common types. They are all ‘autoimmune diseases’ where the immune (defence) system attacks normal tissue in the kidney (including the glomerulus). Why and how they occur is unclear. MCGN is also known as
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What is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)? Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the 7 types of chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). They are all ‘autoimmune diseases’ where the immune (defence) system attacks normal tissue in the kidney (including the glomerulus). Why and how they occur is unclear. FSGS affects both children and adults. The phrase ‘sclerosis’
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What is a horseshoe kidney? A horseshoe kidney, also called renal fusion, is when two kidneys are fused or joined together. They form a shape like a horseshoe. A horseshoe kidney is also in a different location compared to two typical kidneys. It’s located lower in the tummy and closer to the front of your
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Gitelman Syndrome – overview Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an inherited (autosomal recessive) salt-losing kidney disease characterised by: Increased potassium loss in the urine Hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia = low potassium and magnesium (both electrolytes/minerals)in the blood Alkalosis = too much alkali in the blood Hypocalciuria = not enough calcium in the urine. The abnormality is in
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